
MBR combines activated sludge treatment with a membrane liquid-solid separation process. The membrane unit uses the low pressure micro-filtration or ultra-filtration membranes and eradicates the need for clarification and tertiary filtration. The membranes are plunged in the aeration tank, however some applications utilize a separate membrane tank. The key advantages of a membrane bio-reactor system is that it effectively overcomes the restrictions associated with ineffective settling of sludge in conventional activated sludge processes.

There are numerous advantages of membrane biological reactors over other treatment technologies. They are as follows:
- The quality of treated water is alike and doesn't vary.
- It provide enhanced quality of treated water.
- It confirm enhanced standards of hygiene.
- It provides safe rejection of biomass.
- Optimization and increasing of capacity for conventional plants
- Saving of the final sedimentation
- Higher efficiency due increasing concentration of biomass in the activated sludge tank.

